Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina hana kikoʻī no ka hana phenol e ke kaʻina cumene i nā ʻanuʻu nui:
1. Hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea kanu
ʻO ka hana mua i ka hana phenol e ke kaʻina cumene ka hoʻomākaukau a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mea maka. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua ʻia ʻo Cumene, ke kumu kumu o kēia kaʻina hana e ka distillation e hōʻoia i kona maʻemaʻe ma mua o 99%. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻakika sulfuric concentrated (maʻa mau me ka 98%) ma ke ʻano he catalyst, e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana nui i ka hopena. No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hopena, hoʻohui ʻia kahi wai liʻiliʻi i ka cumene e hāpai i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka sulfuric acid a me ka holomua o ka hopena.
2. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe hydroxylation
I ke kaʻina hana hydroxylation, hui ʻia ka cumene a me ka sulfuric acid i loko o kahi reactor a hoʻomehana ʻia i 100-130 ° C. Ma lalo o nā kūlana acidic, ka hui methyl i loko o ka mole cumene e hana i ka hydroxylation e hana i ka p-isopropylphenol a me ka sulfate by-products. He hopena exothermic kēia hopena, a pono e hoʻomalu ʻia ka wela o ka hopena a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoulu ʻana e hōʻoia i ka kūlike a me ka paʻa o ka hopena.
3. Ka hoʻoheheʻe wai
Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hopena hydroxylation, pono ka huahana e hana i kahi hopena hydrolysis, nona ke kumu e hoʻohuli i ka p-isopropylphenol i phenol. I kēia manawa, hoʻohui ʻia ka nui o ka wai i ka hui ʻana, no laila e komo ka p-isopropylphenol i ka hopena hydrolysis me ka wai e hoʻohua i ka phenol a me ke kinoea methane.
4. Neutralization a hoʻokaʻawale
Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hopena hydrolysis, nui ka nui o ka sulfuric acid a me ka sulfate by-products i loko o ka ʻōnaehana. No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kēia mau mea ʻakika, hoʻohui ʻia nā mea alkaline (e like me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole calcium hydroxide) no ka hopena neutralization, e hana ana i nā sulfate soluble a me ka wai. A laila, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka phenol mai nā huahana ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale stratification a i ʻole ka ʻenehana distillation.
5. Hoomaemae a hoomaemae
Hoʻopau ʻia nā haumia i loko o ka phenol crude ma o nā kaʻina hoʻomaʻemaʻe e like me ka distillation e loaʻa ai nā huahana phenol maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, pono e hoʻomalu pono ʻia nā kūlana hopena e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi a me ka maʻemaʻe o ka phenol i nā kūlana ʻoihana.