Hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i ka melamine? ʻO ia ka "milk powder additive" kaulana loa, akā kahaha, hiki ke "hoʻololi ʻia".

Ma ka lā 2 o Pepeluali, ua paʻi ʻia kahi pepa noiʻi ma Nature, ka puke pai ʻepekema honua nui, e ʻōlelo ana e hiki ke hana ʻia ka melamine i mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke kila a ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ka plastic, kahaha nui ka poʻe. Ua paʻi ʻia ka pepa e kahi hui i alakaʻi ʻia e ka mea ʻepekema waiwai kaulana ʻo Michael Strano, he kumu aʻoaʻo ma ke Keʻena ʻenehana ʻenehana ma Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a ʻo ka mea kākau mua ʻo ia ka hoa postdoctoral Yuwei Zeng.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ua kapa ʻia lākou i kamea i lokohoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka melamine 2DPA-1, he polymer ʻelua-dimensional e hoʻohui iā ia iho i loko o nā lau e hana i kahi mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ikaika loa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, kahi i waiho ʻia ai ʻelua mau patent.

ʻO ka melamine, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo dimethylamine, he aniani monoclinic keʻokeʻo e like me ka waiū p

ʻAʻole ʻono ka melamine a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, akā i loko o ka methanol, formaldehyde, acetic acid, glycerin, pyridine, etc. He mea ʻino ia i ke kino o ke kanaka, a ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kina a me WHO ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka melamine i ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻohui meaʻai, akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he mea nui ka melamine ma ke ʻano he mea kemika a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea waiwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pena, nā lacquers. ʻO nā papa, nā adhesives a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe he nui nā noi.

ʻO C3H6N6 ke ʻano mole mole o ka melamine a ʻo 126.12 ke kaumaha molekala. Ma o kāna ʻano kemika, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka melamine i loko o ʻekolu mau mea, carbon, hydrogen a me ka nitrogen, a loaʻa ke ʻano o ke kalapona a me nā apo nitrogen, a ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ma MIT i kā lākou mau hoʻokolohua hiki i kēia mau mole melamine monomers ke ulu ma nā ʻāpana ʻelua ma lalo o ke kūpono. nā kūlana, a e hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen i loko o nā molekala, e hana mau ʻia E hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen i loko o nā molekala, e hana ia i kahi ʻano diski i ka hoʻopaʻa mau ʻana, e like me ka Hexagonal hale i hana ʻia e ka graphene ʻelua-dimensional, a paʻa a ikaika kēia ʻano, no laila ua hoʻololi ʻia ka melamine i ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe ʻelua i kapa ʻia he polyamide i nā lima o nā ʻepekema.

ʻAʻole paʻakikī nō hoʻi ka hana ʻana, wahi a Strano, a hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o ka hopena, kahi e hiki ai ke wehe ʻia ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni 2DPA-1 ma hope aku, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ala maʻalahi e hana ai i ka mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a lahilahi i ka nui.

Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi he modulus o ka elasticity ka mea hou, kahi ana o ka ikaika i koi ʻia e deform, ʻo ia ka ʻehā a ʻeono manawa ʻoi aku ka nui o ke aniani pale. Ua ʻike nō hoʻi lākou ʻoiai ʻo ka hapaono o ka mānoanoa e like me ke kila, ʻoi aku ka palua o ka polymer i ka ikaika o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a i ʻole ka ikaika e pono ai e wāwahi i ka mea.

ʻO kekahi waiwai nui o ka mea, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka ea. ʻOiai ʻo nā polymers ʻē aʻe he mau kaulahao wili me nā āpau kahi e pakele ai ke kinoea, aia ka mea hou i nā monomers e pili pū ana e like me nā poloka Lego a ʻaʻole hiki i nā molekole ke komo ma waena o lākou.

ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hana i nā ʻāpana ultra-thin i kūpaʻa loa i ka wai a i ʻole ke komo ʻana o ke kinoea, "wahi a nā ʻepekema. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano pale pale e pale i nā metala i loko o nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​hale kila.

I kēia manawa ke aʻo nei nā mea noiʻi pehea e hiki ai ke hana ʻia kēia polymer i ʻelua mau ʻāpana i nā kikoʻī hou aʻe a ke hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻololi i kāna ʻano molekala e hana i nā ʻano mea hou.

ʻIke ʻia he makemake nui ʻia kēia mea, a inā hiki ke hana nui ʻia, hiki iā ia ke lawe mai i nā loli nui i ka automotive, aerospace, a me nā kahua pale ballistic. ʻOi loa ma ke kahua o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, ʻoiai he nui nā ʻāina e hoʻolālā e hoʻopau i nā kaʻa wahie ma hope o 2035, akā he pilikia mau ka pae kaʻa kaʻa hou i kēia manawa. Inā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mea hou ma ke kahua o ka automotive, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻemi nui ʻia ke kaumaha o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, akā e hōʻemi i ka nalowale o ka mana, e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole i ka laulā o nā kaʻa ikehu hou.