Mai ʻOkakopa 2022 a i waena o 2023, ua emi nā kumukūʻai ma ka mākeke kemika Kina. Eia nō naʻe, mai ka waena o 2023, ua nui nā kumukūʻai kemika i lalo a hoʻihoʻi hou, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano piʻi i luna. I mea e ʻike hohonu ai i ke ʻano o ka mākeke kemika Kina, ua hōʻuluʻulu mākou i ka ʻikepili kumu kūʻai o ka mākeke no nā huahana kemika ma mua o 100, e nānā ana i ke kūlana mākeke mai ʻelua mau hiʻohiʻona: nā mahina ʻeono i hala a me ka hapaha hope loa.

Ka ʻikepili o ka mākeke huahana kemika o Kina i nā mahina ʻeono i hala iho nei

I nā mahina ʻeono i hala iho nei, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala, ma luna o 60% o nā kumukūʻai mākeke kemika ua hāʻule, e hōʻike ana i kahi manaʻo ʻino i ka mākeke. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā kinoea kaʻina, polycrystalline silicon, glyphosate, lithium hydroxide, paʻakai maka, sulfuric acid, lithium carbonate, antioxidants, a me nā kinoea kūlohelohe liquefied ka mea nui loa.

Ma waena o nā ʻano o nā huahana kemika, ua hōʻike nā kinoea ʻenehana i ka hāʻule nui loa, me ka hāʻule piha ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka emi ʻana o kekahi mau huahana ma mua o 30%. ʻO kekahi mau huahana e pili ana i ke kaulahao ʻoihana ikehu hou e pili pū ana, e like me nā huahana e pili ana i ke kaulahao ʻoihana photovoltaic a me ke kaulahao ʻoihana pākaukau lithium, me nā hāʻule nui o ke kumukūʻai.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā huahana e like me ka wai chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, glacial acetic acid, heptane, octanol, crude benzene, a me isopropanol e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai. I waena o lākou, ua ʻike ka mākeke octanol i ka piʻi nui loa, hiki i ka 440%. Ua hoʻonui pū ʻia nā kemika kumu, akā ʻo ka piʻi ʻana ma kahi o 9% wale nō.

Ma waena o nā ʻano o nā huahana kemika, ma kahi o 79% o nā huahana i hoʻonui ʻia ma lalo o 10%, ʻo ia ka piʻi nui loa o ka nui o nā huahana. Eia kekahi, 15% o nā huahana kemika i hoʻonui ʻia e 10% -20%, 2.8% e 20% -30%, 1.25% e 30% -50%, a ʻo 1.88% wale nō ma mua o 50%.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke huahana kemika i loko o 10%, ʻo ia kahi ʻano fluctuation kūpono, aia kekahi mau huahana kemika i loaʻa i ka ulu nui. He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mākeke o nā kemika nui ma Kina, a ʻo ka hapa nui e hilinaʻi nei i ka lako o ka home a me ke koi ʻana i ke kaiapuni e hoʻopilikia i ka fluctuations mākeke. No laila, i nā mahina ʻeono i hala iho nei, ua piʻi ka hapa nui o ka mākeke kemika ma lalo o 10%.

No nā ʻano kemika i hāʻule, ma kahi o 71% o lākou i hāʻule ma lalo o 10%, e helu ana i kahi emi nui. Eia kekahi, 21% o nā kemika i ʻike i ka emi ʻana o 10% -20%, 4.1% i ʻike i ka emi ʻana o 20% -30%, 2.99% i ʻike i ka emi ʻana o 30% -50%, a ʻo 1.12% wale nō i ʻike i ka emi ʻana o ka nui. 50%. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoiai aia ka nui o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka mākeke kemika nui o Kina, ua ʻike ka hapa nui o nā huahana i ka emi ʻana ma lalo o 10%, me nā huahana liʻiliʻi e ʻike ana i ka emi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai nui.

ʻO ka mākeke huahana kemika o Kina i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala iho nei

Wahi a ka hapa o ka nui o nā huahana i ka mākeke ʻoihana kemika i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala iho nei, ua ʻike ka 76% o nā huahana i ka emi ʻana, e helu ana i ka hapa nui loa. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka 21% o nā kumukūʻai huahana, ʻoiai ʻo 3% wale nō o nā kumukūʻai huahana i noho paʻa. Mai kēia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ua hoʻomau ka emi ʻana o ka mākeke ʻoihana kemika i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala iho nei, me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hapa nui o nā huahana.

Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka emi ʻana o nā ʻano huahana, nui nā huahana, e komo pū ana me ke kinoea ʻenehana a me nā huahana kaulahao ʻenehana hou e like me ka nitrogen, argon, polycrystalline silicon, silicon wafers, etc., i ʻike i ka emi nui loa. Eia kekahi, ʻike pū kekahi mau mea maka kumu no nā kemika nui i ka emi ʻana i kēia wā.

ʻOiai ua loaʻa i ka mākeke kemika kekahi kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala iho nei, ma luna o 84% o nā huahana kemika ua hoʻonui ʻia ma lalo o 10%. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka 11% o nā huahana kemika e 10% -20%, 1% o nā huahana kemika i hoʻonui ʻia e 20% -30%, a me 2.2% o nā huahana kemika i hoʻonui ʻia e 30% -50%. Hōʻike kēia mau ʻikepili i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike nui ka mākeke kemika i kahi piʻi iki, me ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o ka mākeke.

ʻOiai ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kumukūʻai o nā huahana kemika ma ka mākeke, ʻoi aku ia ma muli o ka rebound mai ka hāʻule mua ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mākeke. No laila, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia kēia mau piʻi ʻana ua huli ke ʻano i loko o ka ʻoihana.

I ka manawa like, ke hōʻike nei ka mākeke kemika i ke ʻano like. Ma kahi o 62% o nā huahana kemika i emi iho ma lalo o 10%, 27% ka emi ʻana o 10% -20%, 6.8% ka emi ʻana o 20% -30%, 2.67% ka emi ʻana o 30% -50% , a ʻo 1.19% wale nō ka emi ʻana ma mua o 50%.

I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai aila, akā ʻo ke kākoʻo i hāʻawi ʻia e ka ulu ʻana o ke kumukūʻai i nā kumukūʻai mākeke ʻaʻole ia ka loiloi maikaʻi loa no ka piʻi ʻana o ka mākeke. ʻAʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka mākeke mea kūʻai aku, a ʻo nā kumukūʻai o ka mākeke huahana kemika o Kina ke ʻano nāwaliwali. Manaʻo ʻia e noho mau ka mākeke kemika Kina i kahi kūlana nāwaliwali a paʻakikī hoʻi no ke koena o ka makahiki 2023, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke mea kūʻai aku i ka hopena o ka makahiki.