M-ʻO ka cresol, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo m-methylphenol a i ʻole 3-methylphenol, he mea hoʻohuihui kūlohelohe me ke ʻano kemika C7H8O. Ma ka lumi wela, he wai kala ʻole a māmā paha, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā solvents e like me ka ethanol, ether, sodium hydroxide, a he flammability. He nui ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia pūhui ma ke kahua o nā kemika maikaʻi.

Ke kahua pesticide: Ma ke ʻano he mea waena a me ka maka o nā pesticides, hoʻohana hou ʻia ka m-cresol i ka hana ʻana i nā pesticides pyrethroid like ʻole, e like me fluazuron, cypermethrin, glyphosate, a me dichlorophenol, ma ka hana ʻana i ka pesticide m-phenoxybenzaldehyde. I loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, he nui nā noi o ka m-cresol a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau like ʻole, e like me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory, anticancer drugs, etc. e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea lapaʻau a me nā disinfectants. ʻOihana kemika maikaʻi: hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka m-cresol e hana i nā huahana kemika maikaʻi. No ka laʻana, hiki iā ia ke hana me ka formaldehyde e hana i ka m-cresol formaldehyde resin, kahi mea koʻikoʻi o ka pesticide intermediate a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā fungicides a me nā insecticides. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā antioxidants, dyes, spices, etc. Nā māla ʻē aʻe: hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka m-cresol e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea hana, e like me ka resins exchange ion, adsorbents, etc.

 1 、Nānā o ka hana hana a me nā ʻokoʻa kūloko a me ka honua

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka meta cresol i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ke ʻano unuhi a me ke ʻano synthesis. ʻO ke ʻano o ka unuhi ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka cresol i hui ʻia mai nā huahana pā lanahu a laila loaʻa ka meta cresol ma o ke kaʻina hoʻokaʻawale paʻakikī. Hoʻopili nā lula synthesis i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka toluene chlorination hydrolysis, isopropyltoluene method, a me ka m-toluidine diazotization method. ʻO ke kumu o kēia mau ʻano hana ʻo ia ka synthesize cresol ma o nā hopena kemika a hoʻokaʻawale hou aʻe e loaʻa ka m-cresol.

I kēia manawa, aia nō kahi ākea nui i ka hana ʻana o ka cresol ma waena o Kina a me nā ʻāina ʻē. ʻOiai ua loaʻa kekahi holomua i ka hana ʻana o ka m-cresol ma Kina i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, he nui nā hemahema i ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena kemika, ke koho ʻana i nā catalysts kumu, a me ka hoʻokele kaʻina. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka meta cresol i hana ʻia ma ka home, a paʻakikī ka maikaʻi e hoʻokūkū me nā huahana i lawe ʻia mai.

2 、Nā Paʻakikī a me nā Pōhaku i ka ʻenehana Hoʻokaʻawale

He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale i ke kaʻina hana o ka meta cresol. Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka helu paila o 0.4 ℃ wale nō a me ka ʻokoʻa helu heheʻe o 24.6 ℃ ma waena o ka meta cresol a me ka para cresol, he paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale pono iā lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka distillation maʻamau a me nā ʻano crystallization. No laila, hoʻohana maʻamau ka ʻoihana i ka molecular sieve adsorption a me nā ala alkylation no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.

Ma ke ʻano molecular sieve adsorption, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kānana molecular. Hiki i nā kānana molekula kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻopili pono i ka meta cresol, a laila e loaʻa ai ka hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻana mai ka para cresol. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā catalysts hou a maikaʻi hoʻi he alakaʻi holomua nui i ka ʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale. Hiki i kēia mau catalysts ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, a hoʻoikaika hou i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaʻina hana meta cresol.

3 、ʻO ke ʻano mākeke honua a me Kina o cresol

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pae honua o ka meta cresol ma mua o 60000 tons/makahiki, ma waena o Langsheng mai Kelemānia a me Sasso mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa nā mea hana nui loa o ka meta cresol ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me nā mana hana a hiki i 20000 tons/makahiki. Aia kēia mau ʻoihana ʻelua i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻoihana e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana meta cresol, ka mana maikaʻi, a me ka hoʻomohala mākeke.

Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā ʻoihana hana cresol ma Kina, a liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka hana hana. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻoihana hana cresol Kina nui ʻo Haihua Technology, Dongying Haiyuan, a me Anhui Shilian, nona ka mana hana e pili ana i ka 20% o ka mana hana cresol honua. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo Haihua Technology ka mea hana nui loa o ka meta cresol ma Kina, me ka mana hana makahiki ma kahi o 8000 tons. Eia nō naʻe, ke loli nei ka nui o ka hana maoli ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole e like me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea waiwai a me ka noi mākeke.

4 、Kūlana hoʻolako a koi a me ka hilinaʻi lawe mai

ʻO ke kūlana hoʻolako a me ke koi o ka mākeke cresol ma Kina e hōʻike ana i kekahi volatility. ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka cresol i ka ulu ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, aia nō ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana ma muli o nā palena o ke kaʻina hana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke o lalo. No laila, pono e lawe mai ʻo Kina i ka nui o ka meta cresol i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema i ka mākeke kūloko.

Wahi a nā helu helu, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka cresol ma Kina i ka makahiki 2023 ma kahi o 7500 tons, aʻo ka nui o ka lawe ʻana mai ma kahi o 225 tons. ʻOi loa ma 2022, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai mākeke honua a me ka ulu ʻana o ka noi kūloko, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lawe ʻana mai o cresol mai Kina ma mua o 2000 tons. Hōʻike kēia i ka hilinaʻi nui o ka mākeke cresol ma Kina i nā kumuwaiwai i lawe ʻia mai.

5 、Nā kumu kūʻai makeke a me nā mea hoʻoikaika

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kumu kūʻai o ka meta cresol e nā kumu like ʻole, e like me nā ʻano kumu kūʻai o ka mākeke honua, nā lako a me nā kūlana koi, nā kumukūʻai kaʻina hana, a me nā kulekele kālepa honua. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kumukūʻai mākeke holoʻokoʻa o ka meta cresol i kahi ʻano piʻi piʻi. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa i hiki i ka 27500 yuan/ton, ʻoiai ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa i hāʻule i 16400 yuan/ton.

He hopena koʻikoʻi ke kumukūʻai o ka mākeke honua i ke kumukūʻai kūloko o ka cresol. Ma muli o ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mākeke cresol ma waena o Kina, ua lilo nā kumukūʻai lawe mai i mea hoʻoholo i nā kumukūʻai kūloko. Eia nō naʻe, me ka ulu ʻana o ka hana kūloko a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaulahao ʻoihana, ke hoʻi mālie nei ka mana o ke kumu kūʻai kūloko. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kaʻina hana home a me ka hoʻokele kumukūʻai he hopena maikaʻi hoʻi i nā kumukūʻai mākeke.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kulekele anti-dumping kekahi hopena i ke kumukūʻai mākeke o meta cresol. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kina i nā noiʻi anti-dumping e pili ana i ka meta cresol i lawe ʻia mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻEulopa, a me Iapana, e paʻakikī ana i nā huahana meta cresol mai kēia mau ʻāina ke komo i ka mākeke Kina, a laila e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hoʻolako a me ke ʻano koi. a me ke kumu kūʻai o ka mākeke meta cresol honua.

6 、ʻO nā mea hoʻokele mākeke o lalo a me ka hiki ke ulu

Ma ke ʻano he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i ka ʻoihana kemika maikaʻi, loaʻa i ka meta cresol kahi ākea o nā noi lalo. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o nā mākeke menthol a me nā pesticide, ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka noi mākeke no ka meta cresol i kahi ulu ulu mau.

ʻO Menthol, ma ke ʻano he mea ʻala koʻikoʻi, he ʻano nui o nā noi i ka ʻoihana kemika i kēlā me kēia lā. Me ka ʻimi ʻana o ka poʻe i ka maikaʻi o ke ola a me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o ka mākeke huahana kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, ke piʻi nei ka koi no ka menthol. E like me kekahi o nā mea waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i ka menthol, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka noi mākeke no ka m-cresol.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻoihana pesticide kekahi o nā wahi noi nui o ka meta cresol. Me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻike kaiapuni a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻoihana pesticide, ke hoʻonui mau nei ka noi no ka maikaʻi, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me nā huahana pesticide pili i ke kaiapuni. Ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i nā pesticides like ʻole, e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke no ka meta cresol.

Ma waho aʻe o ka menthol a me nā ʻoihana pesticide, loaʻa ka m-cresol i nā noi nui ma VE a me nā kula ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki o kēia mau māla i nā manawa ulu ākea no ka mākeke meta cresol.

7 、Nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo e hiki mai ana

Ke nānā nei i mua, ke kū nei ka mākeke cresol Kina i nā manawa a me nā pilikia. Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā kaʻina hana home a me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o nā mākeke o lalo, ke ulu nui nei ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana meta cresol. ʻOiai e kū ana i nā pilikia, ʻo ka ʻoihana cresol ma Kina he mau manaʻo hoʻomohala ākea. Ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻenehana hou, ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mākeke honua, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻoihana o lalo, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kākoʻo aupuni, manaʻo ʻia ka ʻoihana cresol o Kina e hoʻokō i ka hoʻomohala kūpaʻa a paʻa i ka wā e hiki mai ana.